Expectant mothers experience numerous physical transformations during pregnancy, including nausea and exhaustion, though many remain unaware that their oral health can also be impacted.
The hormonal fluctuations that occur during pregnancy may cause changes to the condition of the gums, while experiences such as morning sickness can similarly influence dental wellbeing.
Those expecting are eligible for complimentary NHS dental care throughout their pregnancy and for a full year following delivery, making this an ideal opportunity to prioritise oral hygiene and obtain expert guidance should any problems emerge.
Dr Bhavika Prarek, a General Dental Practitioner at Smile n Shine, has outlined five frequent dental health concerns that may arise during pregnancy along with advice for mothers-to-be on safeguarding their teeth and gums.
1. Gums that bleed
A common observation among pregnant women is increased gum bleeding during toothbrushing or flossing.
During pregnancy, hormone fluctuations can heighten gum sensitivity and increase the likelihood of inflammation. Some individuals may observe their gums appearing reddened, puffy or bleeding when cleaning their teeth.
While occasional gum bleeding may be normal during pregnancy, it should not be dismissed. Maintaining proper oral hygiene habits and scheduling routine dental appointments can help minimise the chance of more significant periodontal issues developing.
2. Gums that are swollen or painful
Hormonal shifts can occasionally result in gums feeling tender, enlarged or uncomfortable.
Fluctuations in hormone levels can alter how the body reacts to dental plaque, potentially causing heightened irritation and swelling in the gum tissue.
Should gums become especially painful or swollen, consulting with your dental practitioner is advisable, as they can evaluate the underlying cause and suggest suitable treatment options.
3. Tooth enamel deterioration from morning sickness
Recurring vomiting can subject teeth to stomach acid, which may gradually erode the protective enamel layer.
Regular vomiting associated with morning sickness can elevate the amount of stomach acid reaching the teeth. Over time, this can weaken and gradually wear down enamel, increasing tooth sensitivity.
A frequent error is cleaning teeth straight after vomiting, though this can cause additional harm to weakened enamel. Swirling water around the mouth and waiting before brushing is the preferable approach.
4. Heightened tooth sensitivity
Certain women notice increased tooth sensitivity during pregnancy, particularly when consuming items that are hot, cold or sweet in nature.
Sensitivity may stem from various factors, such as enamel wear, gum issues or pre-existing dental problems becoming more apparent.
Ongoing sensitivity should not be overlooked, particularly if accompanied by discomfort, as a dental assessment can assist in determining the root cause.
5. Oral discomfort or aching teeth
Any new dental pain experienced during pregnancy warrants examination by a dental professional.
Dental discomfort should never be attributed solely to pregnancy. It could signal tooth decay, infection or another dental condition requiring attention.
Although many women feel apprehensive about dental visits while pregnant, routine dental care and guidance continue to be a vital component of maintaining health throughout pregnancy.
When should expectant mothers visit the dentist?
Although certain oral changes may be commonplace during pregnancy, symptoms that persist or deteriorate over time should not be disregarded.
According to Dr Prarek:
Individuals experiencing ongoing gum bleeding, toothache, swelling, sensitivity or any other notable alterations to their oral health should seek professional guidance. Pregnancy does not constitute a reason to avoid dental treatment, and addressing concerns promptly can help prevent them escalating.
Steps expectant mothers can take to maintain oral health
Dr Bhavika Prarek suggests several straightforward measures can assist women in preserving healthy teeth and gums throughout their pregnancy:
Brush teeth twice daily using fluoride toothpaste.
Clean between teeth each day with dental floss or interdental brushes.
Maintain regular dental examination appointments.
Swirl water around the mouth following episodes of morning sickness.
Follow a nutritious diet and reduce frequent consumption of sugary foods and beverages.
Obtain professional guidance should bleeding gums, tooth pain or sensitivity develop.
Dr Prarek added:
Pregnancy is a period when women quite rightly concentrate on their general wellbeing, though dental health can frequently be neglected. Remaining vigilant regarding any changes occurring in the mouth and consulting professionals when necessary can contribute to keeping teeth and gums in good condition throughout pregnancy.